Analysis of Toys R Us Case in Japan Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Analysis of Toys R Us Case in Japan - Term Paper Example As per Bank of Japan , the annual growth in the retail toy market in Japan grew 94% while GDP of Japan at an annual rate of 7% during 1970s. Further, toy market in Japan was ranked as the second largest in the globe trailing to U.S.A and in 1991; the worth of Japanese toy market was estimated at $7.1 billion. In 1991, about 29,413 stores were in operation in Japan and toy sales occupied a major share in their aggregate sales. Further, about 11,628 stores were exclusively dealt with toy, computer games and hobby specialty products. Further ,there were about 12,582 small general retail shops , about 2772 convenience stores , 1227 large toy specialty retail shops and there were about 500 bigger general stores, which had the significant share of their revenues comprised from the sale of toys. Toys R Us entry into Japan was well timed in corresponding with antisturctural restriction efforts by then Bush administration in U.S.A. Looking for positive PR , the Japanese government compelled t he regional government to soften the â€Å" Big Store â€Å" laws under which the present retailers in Japan could exercise the veto to the entry of a large retailer into their province. Toys R Us first store in Japan was established with an offer of more than 18,000 toy items as inventory located in 3,000 square meters, which was regarded as the best illustration of what has come to be labeled in U.S.A as a â€Å"category killer.†Ã‚   By establishing an awesome advantage, it was aimed to bar the competitors from establishing opposing stores before they started.... In 1989 , Toys â€Å" R† Us made its first attempt to enter into the Japanese toy market which was then controlled by small general retailers of tiny specialty stores .As per Bank of Japan , the annual growth in the retail toy market in Japan grew 94% while GDP of Japan at an annual rate of 7% during 1970s. Further, toy market in Japan was ranked as the second largest in the globe trailing to U.S.A and in 1991; the worth of Japanese toy market was estimated at $7.1 billion. In 1991, about 29,413 stores were in operation in Japan and toy sales occupied a major share in their aggregate sales. Further, about 11,628 stores were exclusively dealt with toy, computer games and hobby specialty products. Further ,there were about 12,582 small general retail shops , about 2772 convenience stores , 1227 large toy specialty retail shops and there were about 500 bigger general stores, which had the significant share of their revenues comprised from the sale of toys. Toys R Us entry into Ja pan was well timed in corresponding with antisturctural restriction efforts by then Bush administration in U.S.A. Looking for positive PR , the Japanese government compelled the regional government to soften the â€Å" Big Store â€Å" laws under which the present retailers in Japan could exercise the veto to the entry of a large retailer into their province. Toys R Us first store in Japan was established with an offer of more than 18,000 toy items as inventory located in 3,000 square meters, which was regarded as the best illustration of what has come to be labeled in U.S.A as a â€Å"category killer.† By establishing an awesome advantage, it was aimed to bar the competitors from establishing opposing stores before they started. (Johanson 2006:185).

The Great Migration and The Harlem Renaissance Research Paper

The Great Migration and The Harlem Renaissance - Research Paper Example The Southern agricultural economy meant that African American farmers had to borrow from wealthy white men in order to sow and harvest. The accruing interest made it impossible for the black man to fully enjoy the toils of his hard work. Other African Americans who worked as farmhands were paid just enough to afford them through every day without a sustainable future. The rural South offered little other choices for the African Americans who were poorly educated, socially ostracized and stuck in a vicious cycle of poverty. Education remained a distant dream for the African Americans in the South given the cost of education. The only real choice left for millions of African Americans in the South was to emigrate to the North. The North offered better employment opportunities in factories and services based businesses. In addition, the African Americans in the North were offered better opportunities for education and, hence, a means of social mobility. Greater social respect also playe d its part in convincing millions of African Americans to emigrate to the North. The First World War also played an important role in forcing millions of African Americans to the doors of factories. The onset of the war had meant that labor was in short supply in the Northern urban centers. In order to replenish labor supplies, African Americans from the South moved to industrial centers such as Detroit where they were in large demand. The oppressive Jim Crow regime in the South along with the Ku Klax Klan’s exploits also forced a large number of African Americans to find better social living conditions. The wave of emigration from the rural South to the urban North began in the early twentieth century and persisted well into the third quarter of the twentieth century. The migration of African Americans by the millions into the cities is better known as the Great Migration. The first wave of the Great Migration forced some 1.6 million African Americans to move from the rural South to the more urbanized areas. This wave can be traced from the 1910s to the 1930s where the African Americans moved to the urban centers in the North and the mid-West (Arnesen 15). As a consequence of the Great Migration, the outlook of major urban centers in the United States began to change. The influx of new industrial workers in industrial urban centers meant that the composition of industrial workers began to change. Housing became a large problem since the new workers did not have a purpose to built housing facilities. The new emigrants were confined to their own territories such as the Bronx in New York. The social exclusivity of the neighborhoods in these urban centers provided rich grounds for a new cultural transformation. This move was catalyzed by the onset of education in these new neighborhoods. The new wave of immigrants provided the human resources as well as the audience required for a new cultural infusion (Andrews, Foster and Harris 103).